Negative Forms in Japanese (ません and ない)
19 June 2026 · Mozhippattru Japanese Language School
Expressing “not” in Japanese is systematic, not random. Here are the negative forms you'll use every single day, in both polite and casual speech.
Polite negative: 〜ません
Change 〜ます to 〜ません: 飲みます → 飲みません (do not drink), 行きます → 行きません (do not go). Simple, and always polite.
Casual negative: the ない-form
- る-verbs: drop る, add ない — 食べる → 食べない
- う-verbs: change the final “u” to “a” + ない — 飲む → 飲まない (note: 〜う becomes 〜わない, e.g. 買う → 買わない)
- Irregulars: する → しない, 来る → 来ない
Adjectives and nouns
- い-adjectives: 高い → 高くない (not expensive)
- な-adjectives / nouns: 静かじゃない / 学生じゃない
Examples
- 今日は行きません。 — I am not going today. (polite)
- お金がない。 — I have no money. (casual)
Practice tip
Learn the polite 〜ません first — it is safe everywhere. Then add the casual ない-form as you progress. Practise by negating sentences you already know.
Get the forms right
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